Modesty board
A deep rail fixed between the two end frames of a desk. Its original purpose was to conceal the legs of a seated person.
Mortise
A rectangular recess cut in wood to receive a matching tongue or tenon.
Muntin
The central vertical member of a frame-and-panel door. or A grooved strip of wood that divides and supports the two sections of a wide drawer bottom.
O
Offcut
Scrap wood cut from a workpiece.
Open-coat
A term used to describe sand-paper that has widely spaced abrasive particles.
Open grain
A term used to describe ring-porous wood with large pores. Also known as coarse-textured.
Out-cannel
A term used to describe a gouge with a bevel ground on the outside of the blade.
Outfeed
A term used to describe that part of a machine’s worktable that is behind the blade or cutter.
Oxidize
To form a layer of metal oxide as in rusting.
P
Pare
To remove fine shavings with a chisel.
Parquetry
A similar process to marquetry but using veneers cut into geometric shapes to make decorative patterns.
Patina
The color and texture that a acquires as a result of a natural aging process.
Pawls
Pivoted pointed levers designed to grip a workpiece as soon as it is thrown back by a moving blade or cutter.
PEG
Polyethylene glycol - a stabilizing agent used in place of conventional seasoning processes to treat green wood.
Photosynthesis
A natural process that takes place when energy in the form of light is absorbed by chlorophyll, producing the nutrients on which plants live.
Pilot hole
A small-diameter hole drilled prior to the insertion of a wood screw to act as a guide for its thread.
Plainsawn
A term used to describe a piece of wood with growth rings that meet the faces of the board at angles of less than 45 degrees. See also riftsawn.
Plan
A scale drawing showing the top view of a workpiece.
Plan elevation
Another term for plan.
Plywood
A building board made by bonding a number of wood veneers together under pressure.
Pocket screw
To bore a hole at an angle through the inside face of a rail in order to insert a top-fixing screw.
Pumice
A light volcanic rock that is ground to a fine abrasive powder and used to modify the texture of a wood finish.
Pummel
A square section left on a turned workpiece.
Push stick
A notched stick used to feed a workpiece into a blade or cutter.
Q
Quartersawn
A term used to describe a piece of wood with growth rings between 60 and 90 degrees to the face of the board. See also riftsawn.
R
Rabbet
A stepped recess along the edge of a workpiece, usually as part of a joint. or To cut such recesses.
Rack
To distort a frame or carcase by applying sideways pressure.
Ratchet
A device that permits motion in one direction only.
Relief carving
A type of carving where the background is cut away, leaving a motif projecting from the surrounding area.
Riftsawn
A term used to describe a piece of wood with growth rings that meet the faces of the board at angles of more than 30 degrees but at less than 60 degrees.
Ripping
Sawing parallel to the grain.
Rotary-cut
A term used to describe a continuous sheet of veneer peeled from a log by turning it against a stationary knife.
Rottenstone
An abrasive powder similar to pumice but ground even finer.
Rubber
A cloth pad used to apply polish, stain or varnish.
Runners
Strips of wood that support a drawer and upon which it slides.
S
Sapwood
New wood surrounding the denser heartwood.
Scribe
To mark with a pointed tool. or To mark and shape the edge of a workpiece so that it will fit exactly against another surface such as a wall or ceiling.
Seasoning
Reducing the moisture content of wood.
Secret haunch
Another term for sloping haunch.
Section
A scale drawing that shows a view of a workpiece as if it had been cut through.
Set
To bend sawteeth to the right and left of the blade in order to cut a kerf wider than the blade itself.
Setting in
The fine shaping of carved work.
Shank
The cylindrical shaft of a screw or nail. or The shaft of a drill or cutter.
Shear force
The force applied to a structure by a transverse load.
Shellac
A secretion of the lac insert used to manufacture French polish.
Shoot
To plane accurately using a finely set plane.
Short grain
A term used to describe where the general direction of wood fibers lies across a narrow tenon or wood.
Shoulder
The square end of a workpiece on one or both sides of a tenon or tongue.
Side elevation
A scale drawing showing the side view of a workpiece.
Skiver
Thin leather prepared for gluing to a desk or table top.
Slashsawn
Another term for plainsawn.
Sloping haunch
A tenon haunch cut at an angle so that it is invisible when the joint is assembled.
Softening
Pieces of scrap wood used to protect workpieces from metal vise or clamp jaws.
Softwood
Wood cut from coniferous trees that belong to the botanical group Gymnospermae.
Splitting nut
When a cutter or drill roughly breaks through the bottom or back of a workpiece.
Springwood
Another term for earlywood.
Stile
A vertical side member of a frame-and-panel door.
Stop
A strip of wood against which a drawer front or door comes to rest when it is closed.
Stopped mortise
A mortise that does not pass right through a piece of wood.
Straight grain
Grain that aligns with the main axis of a workpiece or tree.
Striker plate
The metal plate against which a latch or lock comes to rest.
Stringing
Fine strips of wood used to divide areas of veneer.
Strop
To produce a razor-sharp cutting edge by rubbing it on a strip of leather. or The strip of leather itself.
Stub mortise
Another term for stopped mortise.
Stub tenon
A short tenon that does not pass right through a piece of wood.
Summerwood
Another term for latewood.
Sweep
A term used to describe the curved section of a carving gouge.
Swing
The maximum diameter of a workpiece that can be turned over a lathe bed.
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The Complete Guide To Woodworking
Discover the Secrets That Will Have You Creating Beautiful, Timeless Woodworking Projects in No Time At All – Even If You Have Absolutely No Woodworking Experience Whatsoever! www.corinneswoodworking.com
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